Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating are the three most common teenage eating disorders. Each of them involves deeply rooted psychological issues and poses apparent health risks. Usually, eating disorders are associated with a distorted body image and an obsession with being thin. Due to our society's emphasis on physical appearance, a recent study revealed that in a survey of small children (1st -3rd graders) 42% of them wanted to be thinner. Plus, 81% of 10 year old report a fear of being fat. By the time the teen years roll around, some of them will be at great risk for an eating disorder that could affect their health, even costing them their lives.
Approximately 1% of all teenage girls become anorexic. Although 95% of cases are in females, male anorexia may be more common than you think. Anorexia can be defined as going without food or severely restricting a caloric intake due to an unhealthy obsession to be thin. Anorexic teens often consume less than 500 calories a day and may abuse laxatives or water pills to keep their weight down. They are generally under their healthy weight range.
Bulimia is a cycle of binging and purging. It means eating a large amount of food in a short period of time, feeling guilty about it, and vomiting to avoid weight gain. Bulimic teens may be seen visiting the restroom immediately, following every meal. Often they have broken blood vessels around their eyes, tooth decay, and scratch marks on their knuckles from inducing vomit. However, this eating disorder may be more difficult to detect. A bulimic person can fluctuate from being slightly underweight to slightly overweight.
Binge Eating Disorder has just recently become widely acknowledged in the United States. Although a lot of studies are inconclusive, it is estimated that as many as 20% of all teens may suffer from this disorder to some degree or another. It can be defined as consuming large amounts of high calorie foods in a short time with a sense of being out of control. The body has more calories than it can burn, resulting in excessive weight gain.
All eating disorders require psychological and behavioral counseling. Plus, some victims may need physical treatment to regain their health and strength. If left untreated, they can have negative health consequences. Often, teens don't recognize that they have a problem, so it is important to talk to them about eating disorders and teach healthy eating practices. Seek professional help immediately if you or someone you know has a problem.
